The coefficient of passive earth pressure can be calculated using several methods:
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DIN 4085:2017,
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DIN 4085: 2017 planar slip surfaces,
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Streck,
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Caquot/Kerisel,
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DIN 4085:2017 planar slip surfaces/Caquot/Kerisel,
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Culmann.
The earth pressure after Culmann is acquired by varying the slip surface angle (see Piling Handbook 1977). The forces at the earth pressure wedge are calculated using a slice method.